用django管理云端数据

配置环境变量

vim .bashrc
在里面添加
export PATH=...:/home/[ 用户名 ]/.local/bin:$PATH
//在外面
source .bashrc

在终端里

django-admin startproject app
//去settings.py里配置一下allowd_hosts;
//测试能否正常运行项目
//去把8080端口打开
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080

//创建app
python3 manage.py startapp fps
//更新一下数据库之后，访问admin
python3 manage.py migrate

//创建一个后端管理员账号
//wxx
//123
python3 manage.py createsuperuser
//如果出现了django.db.utils.OperationalError: attempt to write a readonly database的错误
sudo chmod 666 db.sqlite3 

把fps中的apps.py中的类要写入settings.py
在settings.py中

...
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'fps.apps.FpsConfig',
    ...
]
    ...

编写一个简单的逻辑来验证是否项目正常

在view.py里

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("我的后端页面！！！")

在urls.py里

from django.urls import include, path
from fps.views import index

urlpatterns = [
    path('', index, name='index'),
]

在总urls.py里

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('fps/', include('fps.urls')),
]

建一个表来存储room的数据

在models.py中

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Room(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="Room")
    port = models.IntegerField(default=7777)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name + '--' + str(self.port)

在终端里

//更新数据库
python3 manage.py makemigrations
python3 manage.py migrate

在admin.py中

//让创建的Room表能在admin页面显示出来
from django.contrib import admin
from fps.models import Room

admin.site.register(Room)

编写查看，创建，删除房间的函数

在view.py里

from django.shortcuts import render
#要用JsonResponse来return
from django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponse
#将room表引进来
from fps.models import *


def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("我的后端页面！！！")

#获取房间列表
def get_room_list(request):
    #需要返回的列表
    rooms = []
    #以端口号排一下序
    for room in Room.objects.all().order_by('port'):
        rooms.append({
            #字典是由零个或多个键值对（key - value pairs）组成的
            #列表里面的元素可以是字典元素
            'name': room.name,
            'port': room.port,
        })
    return JsonResponse({
        'error_message': "success",
        'rooms': rooms,
    });

def build_room(request):
    #遍历已设定好的端口号
    for port in [7777, 7778, 7779]:
        #如果Room表中现在没有这个房间，代表可以创建
        if not Room.objects.filter(port=port).exists():
            #可以把创建的变量取出来用于返回
            room = Room.objects.create(port=port, name="Room-%d" % port)
            return JsonResponse({
                'error_message': "success",
                'name': room.name,
                'port': room.port,
            })
    #也有可能没有房间了
    return JsonResponse({
        'error_message': "no port available",
    })

#删除房间
def remove_room(request):
    #通过http来获取要删的port
    port = request.GET.get('port')
    Room.objects.filter(port=port).delete()
    return JsonResponse({
        'error_message': "success",
    })

添加路由
在urls.py里

from django.urls import include, path
from fps.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    path('', index, name='index'),
    path('get_room_list/', get_room_list, name='get_room_list'),
    path('build_room', build_room, name='build_room'),
    path('remove_room', remove_room, name='remove_room'),
]

用git维护后端代码

在终端里

git config --global user.name "w xx"
git config --global user.email "2394891653@qq.com"
git init
ls -a //会看到.git
ssh-keygen
cd .ssh/
cat id_rsa.pub
//将公钥复制出来，应该是让git能访问服务器的用户

在终端里

git remote add origin git@git.acwing.com:Halfprefc/fps.git
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git push --set-upstream origin master

实现unity端与后端的连接

创建两个按钮

在networkManagerUI里

public class NetWorkManagerUI : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField]
    private Button refresh;
    [SerializeField]
    private Button build;

    [SerializeField]
    private Button room1;
    [SerializeField]
    private Button room2;

    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        setConfig();
        initButton();
        RefreshRoomList();
    }

    private void setConfig()
    {
        //System.Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()可以返回向程序传入的所有命令行参数
        var args = System.Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();

        //加一个改ip
        for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
        {
            if (args[i] == "-ip")
            {
                string ip = args[i + 1];
                var transport = GetComponent<UNetTransport>();
                transport.ConnectAddress = ip;
            }
        }

        //两个for循环的顺序不能变
        for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
        {
            if (args[i] == "-port")
            {
                //将“-port”的下一个参数转为int
                int port = int.Parse(args[i + 1]);
                var transport = GetComponent<UNetTransport>();
                transport.ConnectPort = transport.ServerListenPort = port;
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
        {
            if (args[i] == "-launch-as-server")
            {
                //通过NetworkManager.Singleton可以方便地从任何脚本中访问这个唯一的网络管理实例
                NetworkManager.Singleton.StartServer();
                DestroyAllButtons();
            }

        }
    }

    //编写按钮逻辑
    private void initButton()
    {
        refresh.onClick.AddListener(() =>
        {
            RefreshRoomList();
        });

        room1.onClick.AddListener(() =>
        {
            var transport = GetComponent<UNetTransport>();
            transport.ConnectPort = transport.ServerListenPort = 7777;
            NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient();
            DestroyAllButtons();
        });

        room2.onClick.AddListener(() =>
        {
            var transport = GetComponent<UNetTransport>();
            transport.ConnectPort = transport.ServerListenPort = 7778;
            NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient();
            DestroyAllButtons();
        });
    }
    //unity发起http请求
    private void RefreshRoomList()
    {
        StartCoroutine(RefreshRoomListRequeset("http://47.109.183.222:8080/fps/get_room_list/"));
    }

    IEnumerator RefreshRoomListRequeset(string uri)
    {
        UnityWebRequest uwr = UnityWebRequest.Get(uri);
        yield return uwr.SendWebRequest();

        if (uwr.result == UnityWebRequest.Result.ConnectionError)
        {
            Debug.Log("Error While Sending: " + uwr.error);
        }
        else
        {
            //Debug.Log("Received: " + uwr.downloadHandler.text);
            print(uwr.downloadHandler.text);
        }
    }


    //手动搓一个删除所有按钮的函数
    private void DestroyAllButtons() {
        Destroy(room1.gameObject);
        Destroy(room2.gameObject);
        Destroy(refresh.gameObject);
        Destroy(build.gameObject);

    }

}

将后端的结果解析成unity能识别的数据
需要单独为后端结果的不同变量创建不同的类
（相当于为字典建专门建一个类）

在Room里

//rooms.append({
//    'name': room.name,
//    'port': room.port,
//})

[System.Serializable]
public class Room
{
    public string name;
    public int port;
}

在GetRoomListResponse里

//return JsonResponse({
//    'error_message': "success",
//    'rooms': rooms,
//});

public class GetRoomListResponse
{
    public string error_message;
    public Room[] rooms;
}

在NetworkManager里

public class NetWorkManagerUI : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        ...
        RefreshRoomList();
    }
    ...
    //unity发起http请求
    private void RefreshRoomList()
    {
        StartCoroutine(RefreshRoomListRequeset("http://47.109.183.222:8080/fps/get_room_list/"));
    }

    IEnumerator RefreshRoomListRequeset(string uri)
    {
        UnityWebRequest uwr = UnityWebRequest.Get(uri);
        yield return uwr.SendWebRequest();

        if (uwr.result == UnityWebRequest.Result.ConnectionError)
        {
            Debug.Log("Error While Sending: " + uwr.error);
        }
        else
        {
            //解析返回结果
            var resp = JsonUtility.FromJson<GetRoomListResponse>(uwr.downloadHandler.text);
            print(resp.error_message);
            foreach(var room in resp.rooms)
            {
                print(room.name + "-" + room.port.ToString());
            }
        }
    }


}

实现刷新房间功能

在NetworkManager里

public class NetWorkManagerUI : MonoBehaviour
{
    //创建按钮，实际是对一个预制的GameObject的复制
    [SerializeField]
    private GameObject roomButtonPrefab;
    //把menuUI搞过来是为了方便获取他的位置，按钮的位置是相对于MenuUI的
    [SerializeField]
    private Canvas menuUI;

    ...

    IEnumerator RefreshRoomListRequeset(string uri)
    {
        UnityWebRequest uwr = UnityWebRequest.Get(uri);
        yield return uwr.SendWebRequest();

        //删除前所有按钮
        foreach(var room in rooms)
        {
            room.onClick.RemoveAllListeners();
            Destroy(room.gameObject);
        }
        rooms.Clear();

        if (uwr.result == UnityWebRequest.Result.ConnectionError)
        {
            Debug.Log("Error While Sending: " + uwr.error);
        }
        else
        {
            //解析返回结果
            var resp = JsonUtility.FromJson<GetRoomListResponse>(uwr.downloadHandler.text);
            //print(resp.error_message);
            int k = 0;
            foreach(var room in resp.rooms)
            {
                GameObject buttonObj = Instantiate(roomButtonPrefab, menuUI.transform);
                //相对于父组件的位置
                buttonObj.transform.localPosition = new Vector3(0, 320 - k * 60, 0);
                Button button = buttonObj.GetComponent<Button>();
                //编辑按钮组件下的文本组件
                button.GetComponentInChildren<TextMeshProUGUI>().text = room.name;
                button.onClick.AddListener(() =>
                {
                    var transport = GetComponent<UNetTransport>();
                    transport.ConnectPort = transport.ServerListenPort = room.port;
                    NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient();
                    DestroyAllButtons();
                });
                rooms.Add(button);
                k ++;
            }
        }
    }


    //手动搓一个删除所有按钮的函数
    private void DestroyAllButtons() {
        refresh.onClick.RemoveAllListeners();
        build.onClick.RemoveAllListeners();
        Destroy(refresh.gameObject);
        Destroy(build.gameObject);
        foreach(var room in rooms)
        {
            room.onClick.RemoveAllListeners();
            Destroy(room.gameObject);
        }
    }

}